The most common form of human trafficking (79%) is sexual exploitation. The victims of sexual exploitation are predominantly women and girls. Surprisingly, in 30% of the countries which provided information on the gender of traffickers, women make up the largest proportion of traffickers. In some parts of the world, women trafficking women is the norm.

The second most common form of human trafficking is forced labour (18%), although this may be a misrepresentation because forced labour is less frequently detected and reported than trafficking for sexual exploitation.

Worldwide, almost 20% of all trafficking victims are children. However, in some parts of Africa and the Mekong region, children are the majority (up to 100% in parts of West Africa).

Although trafficking seems to imply people moving across continents, most exploitation takes place close to home. Data show intra-regional and domestic trafficking are the major forms of trafficking in persons.

Trafficking is a problem that affects virtually every country of the world. Generally, the flow of trafficking is from less developed countries to industrialize or towards neighboring countries with marginally higher standards of living. The main reason thereof is poverty, illiteracy, cultural practice of the society, which turns women and children into patented and salable commodities.

Among the third world countries are geographically and economically backward. Low yielding agricultural lands, lack of literacy, no alternate source of employment resulting economic hardships and no improvement in living standard mark the rural scenarios of this region. These circumstances provide an ideal environment for the genesis of prostitution, perversion and crime.

Besides poverty, survival compulsion and shady dealings made by shaming parsimonious aunts, uncles, neighbors and other family members opt a person to choose prostitution as the profession. This leads to a life of glamour and luxury. Thus, poverty alone is not the cause of prostitution any more . The institutionalization of prostitution as integral part of the tourism industry today is indeed a matter of concern for all nations. Professional call girls operate at various levels depending upon the paying potentials of the customers. In the context of Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, such sex workers mostly come from very poor families. The extent of their penury is such that they have nothing other than their body to sell to earn two meals for the family.

All countries believe that trafficking of people, especially women and children for prostitution and forced labor is one of the fastest growing national and international criminal activities. Human trafficking is growing daily plugging the globe. In one hand the sickening sex industry is flourishing because of its clandestine and lucrative nature and on the other hand it has to be dealt with wider and stern laws with its effective enforcement.

Meanwhile the government so concerned has to combat with these problems, protect the rights of victims and rehabilitate them into the community. For the fulfillment of the said purpose there  requires wide vision, close understanding, cooperation, and honest commitment of nations.

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